Here are some more information for Regulator Module:

Ultrasonic cleaners provide an excellent alternative to traditional 'immerse, soak and scrub' methods of cleaning parts and objects. While intensified cleaning is its key advantage, it does have the side effect of raising temperatures steadily across a cleaning run. Certain objects intended for cleaning are made of delicate materials that are sensitive to both higher temperatures as well as large variations in temperature. A good temperature regulation system is required for this.

Ultrasonic cleaners use a transducer to generate ultrasonic waves within the solvent medium. These waves cause 'cold boiling' at points on the liquid-solid object surface. This forms a surface field of vapor microbubbles that rapidly cool and condense-collapse in a process called cavitation. The rapidly collapsing or imploding microbubbles produce localized shock waves that cause this intense cleaning action.

The law of conservation of energy requires that all the energy - external thermal heating and ultrasonic - added to the solvent-object system be dissipated as internal thermal energy and unit heat loss. This effect causes solvent heating at rates depending on the solvent type, unit heat loss, transducer frequency, efficiency and power rating. Selection of the base operating frequency and solvent is largely a function of the material of the object for cleaning and the cleaning chemistry.

Each combination of solvent, impurities and material of the object to clean requires an ideal or optimal operating temperature. In most applications, this temperature is above ambient - often in the range of 40 to 60 degrees Celsius - and needs to be sustained within a band of a few degrees. In many cases, the net effect of a heater with a temperature regulator and heat loss to the surroundings is sufficient for temperature control within an acceptable range. Some materials for cleaning may be more thermally sensitive than others are, and require greater cooling to keep the temperature relatively low. In such cases, a cooling-water coil firmly affixed to the tank supplies the desired cooling. A fixed flow-rate cooling coil with an acceptable heat transfer area is dipped into the solvent to lower the temperature, while using partial control with the heater alone for temperature regulation. Examples of thermally sensitive materials include dental prosthetics and cleaning proteinic impurities.

The cooling-water coil is a simple auxiliary device that is most effective in producing the lower temperatures required for some ultrasonic cleaning applications. This coil accessory is included in Elmasonic S ultrasonic cleaners. A few precautions are all it takes for its proper use. The material of the coil must be as corrosion resistant as the cleaner's components - typically, the same stainless steel type is used. The thermal area and water flow-rate of the cooling coil must be calculated and verified. This requires elementary heat balances for a particular solvent volume, operation, solvent type and cooling load of the ultrasonic cleaning application. Excessive cooling can lead to condensation inside the transducer module, which may cause electrical or electronic short-circuiting. Proper selection of the cooling coil area, cooling water flowrate and good heater-based temperature control is sufficient to prevent this. Finally, the cooling coil needs cleaning and drying after each use.

Dr. Pramit Sarma is a consummate geek with an abiding love for technology innovation! At Tovatech he indulges in his passion for high precision engineering & scientific equipment. Tovatech is a leading North American supplier of ultrasonic cleaners. For more details on this article please visit the ultrasonic cleaner section of Tovatech's website.

Glp Training: a Tool is Better Than a Task

Every laboratory’s checklist should include appurtenant GLP training for its employees but do you have to invest in a 3rd party trainer or is it something you can do yourself?

GLP Training? Why is it necessary?
GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) standards are necessary because before the GLPs were created not every medicine sold via a laboratory was effective or safe. Outright deception--though not common--could happen without the safety net or bullet proof vest of quality standards and practices. In the “end,” enough deceptions were taken note of (and taken account of) so the lab deceptions issue went to Congress. Thus it was that in the 1970s and the 1980s the CLIA amendments and GLP standards were established.

The OECD Defines
The OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development) assists in the delineation of good laboratory practices. In a current online publication1, OECD principles--in relation to good laboratory practice—are said to delineate the following laboratory exigencies:

“...a quality system concerned with the organisational process and the conditions under which non-clinical health and environmental safety studies are planned, performed, monitored, recorded, archived and reported.”

The list (i.e. planned, performed, monitored, recorded, archived and reported) is the important aspect of the delineations defined by OECD’s principles. These processes must occur in every laboratory. You might notice however that these terms are broad and as long as they are thoroughly met leave room for a broad range of scientific creativity and flexibility, which means that GLP training can be simple once the planning, performing, monitoring (etc.) have been properly documented. However, as you have probably already guessed the process isn’t always as simple as it sounds. In fact, the indefinite definitions and restrictions of the GLPs make them even more difficult to document and support. Notwithstanding, the GLPs can be more of a catalyst to modern science than a detriment. The problem is that many lab professionals view GLPs as tasks to be accomplished instead of the tool they were designed to be, when in fact the GLPs and the GLP training processes have already been transformed into a tool as tangible and workable as a hammer or a miter saw.

The GLPs and GLP Training Tool
You might have already guessed that the GLP/GLP training tool is a software solution and you are correct. One of the points that I wish to make however before describing the type of GLP/GLP training tool that you should look for is that perhaps surprisingly even the language used to describe additional ethereal GLP requirements sounds a lot like the lingo you could use to describe a software computer solution. Take a look at the following:

“The purpose of these Principles of Good Laboratory Practice is thus to promote the development of quality test data and to provide a managerial tool to ensure a sound approach to the management, including conduct, reporting and archiving, of laboratory studies.”

So, returning to the meat of the matter, if it really is possible that the GLPs and GLP training can be handled with managerial software tool is there a solution that exists that both standardizes the GLPs and GLP training while leaving room for extended regulations and internal manifestations of flexibility and creativity? The answer is that there might be several solutions that could help you turn your GLP tasks into a tool. All it takes is an understanding of your needs, research and comparison. To start, look for solutions that include the following features:

• Document Control (GLPs and GLP training processes are going to require a lot of documentation so your solution might as well include document control).
• Meets Compliance Regulations (this includes for the FDA, CLIA amendments, ISO, EMEA, SOX, etc.) Whatever type of regulations you have to meet, make sure your solution will conform to them.
• A Great GLP Training Module (a great GLP training module will allow you to train anyone, anywhere (online at least) about anything. Also, look for a training module that allows you to integrate with other software modules such as those designed for CAPA (corrective and preventive action), nonconformance, deviations, customer complaints, etc.

When it all comes down to it, finding the right GLP training software solution depends on how well you understand your laboratory’s needs. Find the right tool and you can save yourself a billion tasks.

1 who.int/tdr/publications/publications/pdf/glp-handbook.pdf

About the Author

Marci Crane is a copywriter for MasterControl in Salt Lake City, UT. For more information in regards to GLP training, please feel free to contact a MasterControl representative.

How do I disassemble an alternator from a 1988 Corvette to replace the regulator module?

I have a voltage regulation problem which causes voltage to sometimes spike up to 18V on my 1988 Corvette. I've taken the alternator out, but after removing three bolts that hold the case halves together, it doesn't come apart. What is the secret to getting it apart? It still has the pulley on it, by the way.

Well you have to take the pully off first. To get the pully off use and air impact wrench. The impact wrench will knock the nut loose without having to hold the rotor.
You may have to cut the stator wires also if it is a cs series generator.
To put it back together you must push the brushes back into the holders compressing the springs and then stick a toothpick through a small hole in the back to hold the brushes in. When the two halves are back together pull out the toothpick to release the brushes.

TI adds Code Composer Studio(TM) tools and new brushed DC motor reference design to Stellaris(R) MCU family support
Simplifying design through the expansion of its software and tool offering, Texas Instruments Incorporated today announced that its Stellaris ARM® Cortex-M3 MCUs are fully supported by the Code Composer Studio v4 integrated development environment, and eight new Stellaris MCU evaluation kits featuring CCStudio v4 are immediately available in standard distribution.

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